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泰晓资讯·1月 / 第二期 / 2020

Wang Chen 创作于 2020/01/10

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Linux 内核代码达到 2700 万行量级

As of this morning in the Linux kernel Git source tree, the kernel weighs in at 27.8 million lines! The stats as we start 2020 put the Linux kernel source tree at 27,852,148 lines (including docs, Kconfig files, user-space utilities in-tree, etc), 887,925 commits, and around 21,074 different authors. The 27.8 million lines are divided among 66,492 files.

During 2019, the Linux kernel saw 74,754 commits, which is actually the lowest point since 2013. The 74k commits is compares to 80k commits seen in both 2017 and 2018, 77k commits in 2016, and 75k commits in both 2014 and 2015. Besides the commit count being lower, the author count for the year is also lower. 2019 saw around 4,189 different authors to the Linux kernel, which is lower than the 4,362 in 2018 and 4,402 in 2017. While the commit count is lower for the year, on a line count it’s about average with seeing 3,386,347 lines of new code added and 1,696,620 lines removed. Besides Linus Torvalds, the most prolific contributors to the kernel were David S. Miller, Chris Wilson, YueHaibing, Christoph Hellwig, and Thomas Gleixner.

phoronix 网站近日统计出 Linux 内核在 2019 年的一些数据。截至 2020 年元旦为止,Linux 内核总共成果如下:

  • 代码行数总量已达到 27,852,148 行,分布在总共 66,492 个文件中(包括文档、Kconfig 配置文件、用户态工具等);
  • 参与内核的开发者人数为 21,074 人;
  • 提交数 887,925。

2019 年中,内核贡献参与者(author)排名:不出意外,Linus 排第一,2019 年经他处理的 commit 量达到 28815 条,占比 3.25%。2019 年的最后一天,他还在提交修改。David S. Miller 连续 3 年排在第二位。接下来依次为 Chris Wilson、YueHaibing、Christoph Hellwig 与 Thomas Gleixner 等人。

关键词: Linux,2019

Linux Kernel 5.3 生命周期终止,建议尽快升级到 5.4

The Linux 5.3 kernel series has reached end of life and it will no longer receive maintenance updates that fix critical security issues or bugs. Renowned Linux kernel developer Greg Kroah-Hartman announced last week the release of the 18th maintenance update to the Linux 5.3 kernel series, version 5.3.18, which changes a total of 59 files, with 369 insertions and 329 deletions. However, the developer also noted the fact that this will be the last update for the Linux kernel 5.3 series, which now reached end of life.

Linux 5.3 内核系列已经到了生命周期的尽头,它将不再接收关键安全问题或错误的维护更新。著名的 Linux 内核开发人员 Greg Kroah-Hartman 上周发布了 Linux 版本 5.3.18,这是 5.3 内核系列的第 18 个维护更新版本并指出这将是 Linux 内核 5.3 系列的最后一次更新,以后将不再维护。他在邮件列表中强烈建议用户升级到 Linux Kernel 5.4。如果目前还不可能,至少升级到 Linux Kernel 5.3.18。这两个版本都可以从 kernel.org 下载,但需要手动编译和安装。Linux Kernel 5.4 带来了许多新功能,首先是对期待已久的 Microsoft exFAT 文件系统的支持,以及人们期盼已久的 “锁定(lockdown)” 安全功能。

关键词: Linux,5.3,EOL

Debian 针对 systemd 的投票结果揭晓

“泰晓资讯” 曾经在 去年 12 月的第四期 中给大家介绍过 Debian 社区针对 init 系统的投票事件。最近投票结果揭晓,代号为 B 的提案(选项 2)获得了最多的票数,它是 “2. Systemd but we support exploring alternatives.”, 即 “推荐使用 systemd,但也鼓励软件包使用其他的 init 方式”。

关键词: Debian,init,systemd,vote

Fedora 32 正式引入 GCC 10 + Golang 1.14

Fedora Linux has long been well known for always shipping with bleeding-edge GCC compiler releases even if it means a near-final pre-release, thanks in part to Red Hat’s significant engineering resources to GCC and the GNU toolchain in general. With Fedora 32 it’s expected to be no different with having the upcoming GCC 10 compiler.

Fedora Linux 一直以来都以提供最新的 GCC 编译器版本而闻名,这在一定程度上要感谢 Red Hat 为 GCC 和 GNU 工具链提供的大量工程资源。对于即将发布的 Fedora 32,预计采用即将面世的 GCC 10 编译器。

Fedora 32 的目标是 LLVM 10 和 GCC 10,他正在朝着这个方向努力。引入 GCC 10 的变更建议在上周四刚得到了确认。看上去这个变更建议有点仓促,为此 Fedora 需要考虑是否对所有的 F32 包采用 GCC 10 重新构建,还是只对部分软件包执行该构建,而将完整的重新构建推迟到 Fedora 33。值得庆幸的是,Red Hat的编译器团队已经在用 GCC 10 测试 Fedora Rawhide。

另外,在 Fedora 32 上在更新编译器的同时将升级 Golang 为 1.14。

关键词: Fedora 32, GCC 10, Golang 1.14

C 语言获得 “2019 年度编程语言”

Everybody thought that Python would become TIOBE’s programming language of the year for the second consecutive time. But it is good old language C that wins the award this time with an yearly increase of 2.4%. Runners up are C# (+2.1%), Python (+1.4%) and Swift (+0.6%).

Why is the programming language C still hot? The major drivers behind this trend are the Internet of Things (IoT) and the vast amount of small intelligent devices that are released nowadays. C excels when it is applied to small devices that are performance-critical. It is easy to learn and there is a C compiler available for every processor. Congratulations to C!

Other interesting winners of 2019 are Swift (from #15 to #9) and Ruby (from #18 to #11). Swift is a permanent top 10 player now and Ruby seems to become one soon. Some languages that were supposed to break through in 2019 didn’t: Rust won only 3 positions (from #33 to #30), Kotlin lost 3 positions (from #31 to #35), Julia lost even 10 positions (from #37 to #47) and TypeScript won just one position (from #49 to #48). Let’s see what 2020 has in store for us!

想必很多人都认为 Python 会蝉联 TOIBE 年度编程语言宝座,不过,这一次获得年度编程语言的却是古老的编程语言 C 语言,它的增长率为 2.4%,排名第二的是 C# (+2.1%),然后分别是 Python (+1.4%) 和 Swift (+0.6%)。C 语言流行背后的主要驱动力是来自于当前物联网(lOT)的迅猛发展和当下发布的大量小型智能设备,当 C 语言被应用到对性能至关重要的小型设备时,它表现的非常出色,而且容易上手学习。无论如何,再次祝贺 C 夺得 2019 年度编程语言宝座。

关键词: C

腾讯视频 Linux 版发布,优麒麟应用生态再添强兵

12 月 29 日消息根据网友爆料,腾讯视频现已推出了 Linux 版本,提供 deb 和 rpm 包下载。腾讯视频 Linux 版于 2019 年 12 月 27 日推出,最新的版本是 1.0.10,感兴趣的小伙伴可以通过 官方链接 下载。根据网友反馈,腾讯视频 Linux 版在播放视频时暂时无法识别为客户端,无法享受 PC 客户端免费 1080P 待遇,预计腾讯视频会在之后的更新中修复。

关键词: 腾讯视频, Linux

Python 2.7 已经正式终止支持,现在是 Python 3 时代

Python 2.7 officially ceased maintenance on January 1, 2020, which also means that Python 2 is fully retired, and it is now the era of Python 3. The father of Python announced two years ago that Python 2.7 would end support on January 1, 2020, and that day has now come. Most popular packages now run on Python 2 and 3 and are increasing every day. The retirement of Python 2 will affect millions of systems.

Python 2.7 已于 2020 年 1 月 1 日正式宣布停止维护,这意味着 Python 2 已完全被淘汰,现在是 Python 3 的时代。现在大多数流行的包在 Python 2 和 3 上运行,并且每天都在增加。Python 2 的淘汰将影响数百万个系统。

由于 Python 2 与下一代 Python 3 之间的兼容性问题,Python 2 的退役一直是开发人员和公司关注的焦点,因为在第二代退役之前,要确保企业平滑迁移到 Python 3。目前,已有一些项目做好了准备,例如 NumPy,Requests 和 TensorFlow 等许多知名项目将在 2020 年停止支持 2.x,Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 开发周期的重要任务是删除 Python 2。 QEMU 也终止了对 Python 2 的支持,Fedora 提出了一个统一的流程,以使其可控地丢弃数千个 Python 2 软件包。

建议遵循官方迁移建议到 Python 3。为简化过渡,官方迁移指南提供了有关如何在 Python 3 中运行 Python 2 代码的建议。

关键词: Python 3

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